Orbital retinoblastoma: Present status and future challenges – A review

(a and b). Bilateral advance retinoblastoma. Left eye gross proptosis and right eye anterior segment seeding can be appreciated. (a) CT Scan axial cuts of the same patient confirmed orbital mass and gross optic nerve extension (b).

Primary orbital retinoblastoma. The right eye shows proptosis with extra scleral extension in the form of nodular masses.

Fungating orbital retinoblastoma.

Histopathology specimen of an enucleated eye demonstrating extra scleral extension of the tumor.

(a and b). CT Scan axial cuts show gross left optic nerve thickening of the tumor measured radiologically (a) CT Scan axial cuts show gross left optic nerve extension along with intracranial extension (b).

(a and b). Bilateral phthisical eyes following chemotherapy for advance retinoblastoma (a). CT Scans with saggital reconstruction of the same patient (b).